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What’s at Risk for California as Trump’s Clean Energy Rollbacks Threaten Billions in Investment and Jobs?

California Clean Energy

By: WindNewsToday Staff | Source: Reuters

California Clean energy companies across the state are calling on Governor Gavin Newsom and state lawmakers to act swiftly in response to sweeping federal tax policy changes under President Donald Trump that risk billions of dollars in renewable energy investments and prompt challenges to California’s clean energy goals.

In a letter that went out earlier this week, five major clean energy trade groups, including the California Wind Energy Association and Solar Energy Industries Association, recently warned that Trump’s newly passed Republican-backed tax and spending law is creating significant roadblocks for continuing and forthcoming solar energy investments and wind energy projects in the Golden State. These organizations allege that California’s standing as a global leader on climate is at risk without state-level action.

Federal Tax Credits for Renewables Risk Being Rolled Back

At the center of the anxiety is a provision in the new federal law that phases out important renewable energy tax credits, beginning after 2026, for projects that have not yet started construction. Projects that start after the deadline will need to be on-line by the end of 2027 to receive any remaining incentives.

Complicating the matter, Trump has ordered the U.S. Treasury Department to issue rules that would limit who can still qualify for these tax credits by which energy developers. This extra uncertainty makes it likely that dozens of utility-scale solar, wind and energy storage projects will now be delayed.

“These modifications introduce a new and grave risk of delay or outright cancellation for dozens of clean power projects,” the letter asserts. “We are pulling ahead and we are happy with the progress,” he said, “but without immediate reform at the state level, California’s clean energy investments — and the jobs that come with them — are at risk.”

California’s Clean Energy Goals

California has established some of the most ambitious climate and renewable energy targets in the world. The state recently said that more than two-thirds of its 2023 retail electricity sales qualified as coming from renewable and zero carbon-emitting sources, and all across onlookers struggle to cope with the speed at which it is leading the global energy transition.

Reversing federal support for California clean energy is in stark contrast to the state’s climate vision and clean energy policy agenda, including the mandate for 100% clean electricity by 2045. Many of those developers have already invested heavily in California’s energy infrastructure, from solar farms to wind energy projects to battery storage.

Trade Groups Urge California to Put It in a Higher Gear

In their letter, the five trade groups, which are the Large-scale Solar Association, California Energy Storage Alliance and American Clean Power Association (California chapter) called on the state to do four things:

  • Speed up approval for environmental permits and harmonies regulation for renewable energy schemes.
  • Expand clean energy purchasing, especially from utility-scale wind and solar developers.
  • Permit clean energy projects on farmland, which is underutilized for utility scale energy development.
  • Strengthen investment in grid infrastructure for managing higher levels of renewable energy tax credits and maintaining energy reliability.

If California can expedite these reforms, the groups say, the state can insulate itself from the consequences of federal rollbacks and maintain renewable energy momentum.

Wind Power in Texas Is Another Story entirely

"Wind energy turbines operating in rural California, threatened by federal tax policy changes"

While California is in limbo, in a tale of stark contrast, here’s what is happening in Texas wind energy projects policy. We have even seen Republican-majority states, such as Texas, achieve success developing the nations largest wind energy industry, not by government mandate but by offering market-based incentives and less onerous permitting processes that attract investment in renewable infrastructure.

Wind power’s growth in Texas is an example of how bipartisan support — or, at least, pragmatic policy — can help speed up the growth of clean energy. With federal support declining, California may soon have to turn to the Texas model of wind energy if the state wants to maintain its energy transition goals.

Jobs, Reliability and Clean Power Are at Stake

Not only does the rollback represent a major threat to renewable energy developers, but it threatens thousands of the clean energy jobs that exist. If projects get put on hold or canceled, the economic effect could reverberate across jobs in construction, operations, engineering and maintenance.

And the uncertainty threatens grid reliability, particularly as California confronts increasing power demands and the need to replace retiring fossil fuel plants with clean options. The rollback would imperil jobs, stability and progress toward California’s clean energy goals, according to the letter.

The state especially benefits from the clean energy sector. In 2023 alone, solar and wind projects led to the creation of thousands of high-wage jobs and investment in rural towns. This loss of momentum could have far-reaching consequences for both climate goals and long-term economic resilience.

California Clean Energy Developers Raise Alarms as Federal Support Fades

This is a pivotal moment in the energy transition in the United States. The Biden administration had sought to reduce the shift toward clean energy by broadening tax breaks in the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) but the rollback by Trump would negate much of the push.

The decision to trump clean energy rollback the federal energy tax credit is viewed by many in the industry as a big step in the wrong direction. Developers worry the uncertainty of future regulatory environments could scare off investment, particularly in long-lead-time projects such as offshore wind or grid-scale storage.

Clean energy backers are imploring more Democratic states to draw up backup plans akin to what California wants to do in order to shield renewable energy development from swinging federal policy.

Conclusion: It Takes State Action to Protect Clean Energy Gains

As California goes forward, the decision is unmistakable: without urgent state action, the rollbacks in federal support for clean energy could stall crucial projects, shake investor confidence in the market and set back the state’s progress toward an energy future free from carbon.

The industry leaders’ letter sends a strong signal: Federal energy policy may be on its back foot, but states like California still have the tools in hand to protect and advance their visions of a clean power future — if they use them boldly.

The office of Gov. Newsom has not responded publicly. Yet the pressure to answer that question is getting louder, with billions of dollars in California clean energy investments on the line and California’s climate leadership in the balance.

📖 Source:

Reuters – https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/solar-wind-groups-seek-california-aid-after-trump-subsidy-cuts-2025-07-16/

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Floating Offshore Wind Energy Explained: Technology, Costs, Projects, and Future Outlook

floating offshore wind technology platform at sea

Introduction: Why Floating Offshore Wind Matters Now

Floating offshore wind energy is rapidly emerging as one of the most important technologies shaping the future of global renewable energy. As countries push offshore wind projects farther from shore and into deeper waters, traditional fixed-bottom foundations are reaching their physical and economic limits.

Unlike conventional offshore wind farms, floating offshore wind turbines are mounted on buoyant platforms anchored to the seabed with mooring systems. This allows wind energy generation in deep-water locations that were previously inaccessible, where wind speeds are stronger, more consistent, and less constrained by coastal geography.

As explained in our Offshore Wind Energy Explained: Technology, Projects, and Global Trends guide, foundation technology ultimately determines where offshore wind can be built. Floating platforms remove depth limitations and unlock vast new wind resources across the globe.

In this article, we explain what floating offshore wind energy is, how floating wind turbines work, how it compares to fixed-bottom offshore wind, where major projects are being developed, and why floating wind is becoming essential to the future of global offshore wind energy.

What Is Floating Offshore Wind Energy?

Floating offshore wind energy is a method of generating electricity at sea using wind turbines mounted on floating platforms rather than foundations fixed directly to the seabed. These platforms are stabilized using mooring lines and anchors, allowing turbines to operate in water depths ranging from 60 meters to well over 1,000 meters.

This technology addresses a fundamental limitation of offshore wind development. Fixed-bottom turbines become technically challenging and increasingly expensive beyond depths of roughly 50–60 meters. Floating offshore wind platforms overcome this constraint, enabling deployment in deep-water regions farther from shore.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), floating offshore wind will be critical for expanding offshore wind capacity in countries with steep continental shelves, including Japan, South Korea, Norway, and the U.S. West Coast.

How Floating Wind Turbines Work

floating offshore wind mooring system and dynamic cables
Mooring systems and dynamic export cables keep floating wind turbines stable while transmitting electricity to shore

Above the waterline, floating wind turbines operate much like conventional offshore wind turbines. The key differences lie below the surface, where advanced marine engineering ensures stability and durability.

Key Components of Floating Offshore Wind Systems

  • Floating platform (steel or concrete foundation)
  • Wind turbine tower, nacelle, and blades
  • Mooring systems (chains, ropes, anchors)
  • Dynamic export cables
  • Offshore substation or direct grid connection

The platform stays stable through ballast systems and mooring tension, enabling turbines to operate in severe offshore conditions. Together, these components form an integrated system designed to balance stability, power generation, and long-term durability at sea.

How Floating Offshore Wind Farms Are Developed

The development of a floating offshore wind farm follows a structured process combining offshore engineering with experience from fixed-bottom wind and offshore oil and gas industries.

Step-by-step development includes:

  1. Site selection: Evaluate wind resources, water depth, wave conditions, and seabed characteristics.
  2. Environmental and regulatory studies: Assess marine ecosystems, fisheries, and shipping routes.
  3. Design selection: Choose a floating platform design based on local conditions.
  4. Onshore assembly: Turbines are assembled onshore and mounted onto platforms.
  5. Tow-out and installation: Platforms are towed to the site and anchored.
  6. Grid connection: Dynamic cables connect turbines to offshore substations and the onshore grid.
  7. Operation & monitoring: Digital systems track performance and structural health.

Unlike fixed-bottom turbines, floating units are often towed into position, reducing reliance on heavy-lift installation vessels and allowing more work to occur in controlled port environments.

Types of Floating Offshore Wind Platforms

types of floating offshore wind platforms diagram
Main floating offshore wind platform designs include spar-buoy, semi-submersible, and tension leg platforms

There are three primary floating wind foundation designs currently in development and deployment:

Spar-Buoy Platforms

  • Deep vertical cylinder
  • Stability from ballast weight
  • Requires deep ports for assembly

Semi-Submersible Platforms

  • Multiple columns connected by pontoons
  • Easier port integration
  • Most commonly deployed design today

Tension Leg Platforms (TLP)

  • Anchored by vertical tendons
  • Minimal platform motion
  • Higher engineering complexity

Floating Offshore Wind vs Fixed-Bottom Wind

Floating and fixed-bottom offshore wind farms differ significantly in terms of foundation design, cost structure, and geographic reach.

FactorFloating Offshore WindFixed-Bottom Offshore Wind
Water Depth60–1,000+ metersUp to ~50–60 meters
Cost (Current)HigherLower
Technology Maturity
Emerging
Commercially mature
Expansion PotentialVery highLimited by the seabed
Geographic ReachDeep-water regions worldwideShallow continental shelves

As offshore wind energy expands globally, floating wind is expected to complement rather than replace fixed-bottom projects.

Global Floating Offshore Wind Projects

floating offshore wind project Hywind Scotland
Hywind Scotland was the world’s first commercial-scale floating offshore wind farm

Floating offshore wind is transitioning from demonstration projects to commercial-scale developments worldwide.

Notable Projects:

  • Hywind Scotland (UK/Norway)
  • WindFloat Atlantic (Portugal)
  • Kincardine Offshore Wind Farm (UK)
  • U.S. West Coast lease areas (California, Oregon)

These projects demonstrate the technical viability of floating platforms under real-world ocean conditions.

Floating Offshore Wind in the United States

The United States is one of the largest long-term markets for floating offshore wind, particularly along the Pacific coastline.

Key Drivers of U.S. Floating Wind Growth

  • Deep coastal waters unsuitable for fixed-bottom turbines
  • Strong offshore wind resources
  • State-level clean energy mandates
  • Federal offshore leasing programs

According to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), floating offshore wind is essential for unlocking wind resources along the U.S. West Coast, where water depths increase rapidly near the shore.

Costs and Economics of Floating Wind Energy

Cost remains the primary barrier to large-scale floating offshore wind deployment today. Floating wind projects are currently more expensive than fixed-bottom offshore wind due to:

  • Limited supply chain scale
  • Specialized mooring and platform systems
  • Early-stage manufacturing costs

However, research from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) indicates that floating offshore wind costs are expected to decline significantly as turbine sizes increase, manufacturing scales up, and standardized platform designs are adopted. Industry projections suggest cost competitiveness within the next decade.

Environmental and Grid Considerations

Floating offshore wind offers several environmental advantages compared to traditional offshore installations:

  • Reduced seabed disturbance
  • Ability to site projects farther from shore
  • Lower visual impact for coastal communities

Grid integration remains a challenge, requiring advanced offshore transmission planning, dynamic cables, and upgraded onshore infrastructure.

Future Outlook for Floating Offshore Wind

Floating offshore wind represents more than a technological upgrade—it is a geographic expansion of where clean energy can be deployed.

Key trends shaping the future include:

  • Larger 15–20 MW floating wind turbines
  • AI-based turbine monitoring
  • Hybrid wind + energy storage systems
  • International collaboration on standards

Floating offshore wind is widely viewed as the next frontier of offshore wind development, creating long-term opportunities across global clean energy markets.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is floating offshore wind energy?

Floating offshore wind uses turbines mounted on floating platforms to generate electricity in deep ocean waters.

Is floating offshore wind commercially viable?

Yes, several projects are already operational, with many large-scale developments planned.

Why is floating wind important for the U.S.?

Most West Coast offshore wind resources are located in deep water unsuitable for fixed-bottom foundations.

Sources:

International Energy Agency (IEA)
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)